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            <p>和Maven一样，Docker不仅提供了一个中央仓库，同时也允许我们搭建私有仓库。如果读者对Maven有所了解，将会很容易理解私有仓库的优势：</p>
<ul>
<li>节省带宽，镜像无需从中央仓库下载，只需从私有仓库中下载即可 </li>
<li>对于私有仓库中已有的镜像，提升了下载速度 </li>
<li>便于内部镜像的统一管理 </li>
</ul>
<p>下面我们来讲解一下如何搭建、使用私有仓库</p>
<h2 id="准备工作"><a href="#准备工作" class="headerlink" title="准备工作"></a>准备工作</h2><p>准备两台安装有Docker的CentOS7的机器，主机规划如下（仅供参考）：</p>
<p>主机  IP  角色</p>
<p>node0</p>
<p>192.168.11.143</p>
<p>Docker开发机</p>
<p>node1</p>
<p>192.168.11.144</p>
<p>Docker私有仓库</p>
<h2 id="安装、使用私有仓库"><a href="#安装、使用私有仓库" class="headerlink" title="安装、使用私有仓库"></a>安装、使用私有仓库</h2><p>网上有很多 <code>docker-registry</code> 的教程，但是 <code>docker-registry</code> 已经过时，并且已经2年不维护了。详见 <a href="https://github.com/docker/docker-
registry" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><br>https://github.com/docker/docker-registry </a> ，故而本文不做探讨，对 <code>docker-registry</code> 有兴趣的童鞋可以查阅本节的参考文档。</p>
<p>本节讲解registry V2，registry V2需要Docker版本高于1.6.0。registry<br>V2要求使用https访问，那么我们先做一些准备，为了方便，这边模拟以域名 <code>reg.itmuch.com</code> 进行讲解。</p>
<h3 id="使用域名搭建https的私有仓库"><a href="#使用域名搭建https的私有仓库" class="headerlink" title="使用域名搭建https的私有仓库"></a>使用域名搭建https的私有仓库</h3><ul>
<li>首先修改两台机器的hosts，配置 <code>192.168.11.144</code> 到 <code>reg.itmuch.com</code> 的映射 </li>
</ul>
<pre><code>echo &apos;192.168.11.144 reg.itmuch.com&apos;&gt;&gt; /etc/hosts
</code></pre><ul>
<li>既然使用https，那么我们需要生成证书，本文讲解的是使用openssl自签名证书，当然也可以使用诸如 <code>Let’s Encrypt</code> 等工具生成证书，首先在node1机器上生成key： </li>
</ul>
<pre><code>mkdir -p ~/certs
cd ~/certs
openssl genrsa -out reg.itmuch.com.key 2048
</code></pre><p>再生成密钥文件：  </p>
<pre><code>openssl req -newkey rsa:4096 -nodes -sha256 -keyout reg.itmuch.com.key -x509 -days 365 -out reg.itmuch.com.crt
</code></pre><p>会有一些信息需要填写：  </p>
<pre><code>Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN                                    # 你的国家名称
State or Province Name (full name) []:JS                                # 省份
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:NJ                                # 所在城市
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:ITMUCH            # 组织名称
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:ITMUCH                        # 组织单元名称
Common Name (eg, your name or your server&apos;s hostname) []:reg.itmuch.com # 域名
Email Address []:eacdy0000@126.com                                        # 邮箱
</code></pre><p>这样自签名证书就制作完成了。</p>
<ul>
<li>由于是自签名证书，默认是不受Docker信任的，故而需要将证书添加到Docker的根证书中，Docker在CentOS 7中，证书存放路径是 <code>/etc/docker/certs.d/域名</code> ： </li>
</ul>
<p><code>node1</code> 端：</p>
<pre><code>mkdir -p /etc/docker/certs.d/reg.itmuch.com
cp ~/certs/reg.itmuch.com.crt /etc/docker/certs.d/reg.itmuch.com/
</code></pre><p><code>node0</code> 端：将生成的证书下载到根证书路径</p>
<pre><code>mkdir -p /etc/docker/certs.d/reg.itmuch.com
scp root@192.168.11.144:/root/certs/reg.itmuch.com.crt /etc/docker/certs.d/reg.itmuch.com/
</code></pre><ul>
<li>重新启动 <code>node0</code> 和 <code>node1</code> 的Docker </li>
</ul>
<pre><code>service docker restart
</code></pre><ul>
<li>在 <code>node1</code> 上启动私有仓库 </li>
</ul>
<p>首先切换到家目录中，这一步不能少，原因是下面的-v 挂载了证书，如果不切换，将会引用不到证书文件。</p>
<pre><code>cd ~
</code></pre><p>启动Docker私有仓库（注意：如果直接粘贴运行，请删除掉注释）：  </p>
<pre><code>docker run -d -p 443:5000 --restart=always --name registry \
  -v `pwd`/certs:/certs \                                # 将“当前目录/certs”挂载到容器的“/certs”
  -v /opt/docker-image:/opt/docker-image \                            
  -e STORAGE_PATH=/opt/docker-image \                                # 指定容器内存储镜像的路径
  -e REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_CERTIFICATE=/certs/reg.itmuch.com.crt \        # 指定证书文件
  -e REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_KEY=/certs/reg.itmuch.com.key \                # 指定key文件
  registry:2
</code></pre><p>其中，之所以挂载/opt/docker-image目录，是为了防止私有仓库容器被删除，私有仓库中的镜像也会丢失。</p>
<ul>
<li>在 <code>node0</code> 上测试，将镜像push到私服 </li>
</ul>
<pre><code>docker pull kitematic/hello-world-nginx
docker tag kitematic/hello-world-nginx reg.itmuch.com/kitematic/hello-world-nginx # 为本地镜像打标签
docker push reg.itmuch.com/kitematic/hello-world-nginx            # 将镜像push到私服
</code></pre><p>会发现如下内容：  </p>
<pre><code>The push refers to a repository [reg.itmuch.com/kitematic/hello-world-nginx]
5f70bf18a086: Pushed 
b51acdd3ef48: Pushed 
3f47ff454588: Pushed 
....
latest: digest: sha256:d3e1883b703c39556f2f09da14cc3b820f69a43436655c882c0c0ded0dda6a4b size: 3226
</code></pre><p>说明已经push成功。</p>
<ul>
<li>从私服中下载镜像： </li>
</ul>
<pre><code>docker pull reg.itmuch.com/kitematic/hello-world-nginx
</code></pre><h3 id="配置登录认证"><a href="#配置登录认证" class="headerlink" title="配置登录认证"></a>配置登录认证</h3><p>在很多场景下，我们需要用户登录后才能访问私有仓库，那么我们可以如下操作：</p>
<p>建立在上文生成证书，同时重启过Docker服务的前提下，我们讲解一下如何配置：</p>
<ul>
<li>为防止端口冲突，我们首先删除或停止之前启动好的私有仓库： </li>
</ul>
<pre><code>docker kill registry
</code></pre><ul>
<li>在node1机器上安装 <code>httpd-tools</code> ： </li>
</ul>
<pre><code>yum install httpd-tools
</code></pre><ul>
<li>在node机器上创建密码文件，并添加一个用户 <code>testuser</code> ，密码是 <code>testpassword</code> ： </li>
</ul>
<pre><code>cd ~
mkdir auth
htpasswd -Bbn testuser testpassword &gt; auth/htpasswd
</code></pre><ul>
<li>在node1机器上切换到 <code>~</code> 目录，并启动私有仓库（注意：如果直接粘贴运行，请删除掉注释）： </li>
</ul>
<pre><code>docker run -d -p 443:5000 --restart=always --name registry2 \
  -v /opt/docker-image:/var/lib/registry \                            # 挂载容器内存储镜像路径到宿主机
  -v `pwd`/certs:/certs \
  -e REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_CERTIFICATE=/certs/reg.itmuch.com.crt \
  -e REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_KEY=/certs/reg.itmuch.com.key \
  -v `pwd`/auth:/auth \
  -e &quot;REGISTRY_AUTH=htpasswd&quot; \
  -e &quot;REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_REALM=Registry Realm&quot; \
  -e REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_PATH=/auth/htpasswd \
  registry:2
</code></pre><ul>
<li>测试： </li>
</ul>
<pre><code>docker push reg.itmuch.com/kitematic/hello-world-nginx
</code></pre><p>提示：  </p>
<pre><code>461f75075df2: Image push failed 
no basic auth credentials
</code></pre><p>说明需要认证。</p>
<p>我们登陆一下，执行：</p>
<pre><code>docker login reg.imuch.com
</code></pre><p>再次执行  </p>
<pre><code>docker push reg.itmuch.com/kitematic/hello-world-nginx
</code></pre><p>就可以正常push镜像到私有仓库了。</p>
<p>注意：  如果想要从私有仓库上下载镜像，同样需要登录。</p>
<h2 id="参考文档："><a href="#参考文档：" class="headerlink" title="参考文档："></a>参考文档：</h2><p>官方文档： <a href="https://docs.docker.com/registry/deploying/#/running-a-domain-registry" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> https://docs.docker.com/registry/deploying/#/running-a-domain-registry
</a></p>
<p>Docker Registry V2 htpasswd认证方式搭建： <a href="http://www.tuicool.com/articles/vMZZveM" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> http://www.tuicool.com/articles/vMZZveM
</a></p>
<p>Docker Registry V2搭建： <a href="http://www.tuicool.com/articles/6jEJZj" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> http://www.tuicool.com/articles/6jEJZj
</a></p>
<p>Docker Registry V2搭建： <a href="http://tomhat.iteye.com/blog/2304098" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> http://tomhat.iteye.com/blog/2304098
</a></p>
<p>Docker Registry V1搭建： <a href="http://blog.csdn.net/wsscy2004/article/details/26279569" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><br>http://blog.csdn.net/wsscy2004/article/details/26279569
</a></p>
<p>非认证的Docker Registry V1搭建： <a href="http://blog.csdn.net/wangtaoking1/article/details/44180901" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><br>http://blog.csdn.net/wangtaoking1/article/details/44180901
</a></p>
<p>带认证的Docker Registry V1搭建： <a href="http://snoopyxdy.blog.163.com/blog/static/601174402015823741997/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><br>http://snoopyxdy.blog.163.com/blog/static/601174402015823741997/
</a></p>
<p>Docker专题汇总： <a href="http://www.zimug.com/360.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> http://www.zimug.com/360.html </a></p>
<p>Docker疑难解答： <a href="https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000000938076" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000000938076
</a></p>

        
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